دنیای نانو

دنیای نانو

مروری بر روش‌های ارزیابی کیفیت شیر

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان
دانشکده فیزیک دانشگاه خوارزمی
چکیده
شیر یکی از ارزشمندترین محصولات لبنی در سبد غذایی انسان است و کنترل کیفیت آن از منظر ایمنی، ارزش تغذیه‌ای و سلامت عمومی اهمیت فراوانی دارد. در دهه‌های اخیر، روش‌های طیف‌سنجی به‌دلیل سرعت بالا، دقت مناسب، عدم نیاز به آماده‌سازی پیچیده نمونه و قابلیت غیرمخرب بودن، جایگاه مهمی در تحلیل کیفی و کمی ترکیبات شیر یافته‌اند. در این مقاله، مروری بر مهم‌ترین روش‌های طیف‌سنجی شامل طیف‌سنجی نوری، رامان و مادون قرمز جهت شناسایی و اندازه‌گیری دقیق چربی، پروتئین، لاکتوز و سایر ترکیبات شیر ارائه شده است. همچنین نقش فناوری نانو در بهبود حساسیت و کارایی این روش‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است؛ به‌ویژه استفاده از نانوساختارها به‌عنوان بسترهای تقویت‌کننده در طیف‌سنجی رامان (SERS) و حسگرهای نانویی در طیف‌سنجی مادون قرمز که امکان تشخیص آلاینده‌ها و تقلبات در غلظت‌های بسیار پایین را فراهم می‌سازند. در بخش پایانی نیز روش‌های پیشرفته‌تری همچون طیف‌سنجی جرمی (MS) و رزونانس مغناطیسی هسته‌ای (NMR) همراه با مزایا و محدودیت‌های آن‌ها معرفی شده‌اند. این مقاله نشان می‌دهد که ترکیب روش‌های طیف‌سنجی با فناوری نانو افق‌های جدیدی را در پایش سریع و دقیق کیفیت شیر گشوده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

A Review on Quality evaluation of Dairy Products

نویسندگان English

Nasrin Qalehban
Nahid Ghazyani
Mohamad Hossein Majlesara
physics faculty kharazmi university
چکیده English

Milk is one of the most valuable dairy products in the human diet, and its quality assessment is crucial in terms of safety, nutritional value, and public health. In recent decades, spectroscopic techniques have gained prominence due to their rapidity, accuracy, minimal sample preparation, and non-destructive nature. This review provides an overview of the most important spectroscopic methods, including optical spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of key milk components such as fat, protein, lactose, and other constituents. The role of nanotechnology in enhancing the sensitivity and efficiency of these methods is also discussed—particularly the application of nanostructures as enhancing substrates in Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) and the development of nanosensors in IR spectroscopy, enabling the detection of contaminants and adulterants at trace levels. In the final section, advanced techniques such as Mass Spectrometry (MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy are reviewed, along with a critical evaluation of their advantages and limitations. This study highlights how integrating spectroscopic methods with nanotechnology opens new avenues for rapid and precise milk quality monitoring.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Milk
dairy industry
quality control
Raman spectroscopy
infrared
protein
lactose
Nanostructures
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دوره 21، شماره 78
بهار 1404
صفحه 93-66

  • تاریخ دریافت 17 فروردین 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 18 خرداد 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 01 مرداد 1404