ساختار و رفتارمکانیکی سلولز نانوفیبریله شده و برخی مشتقات آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 دانشگاه آزاد واحد آزاد شهر

چکیده

چوب یک جایگزین زیست فروپاش، قابل بازیافت و تجدید پذیر برای مواد نفتی می‌باشد که موجب حفاظت محیط ‌زیست از طریق محدودسازی ‏میزان آلاینده‌های غیر قابل تجزیه می‌شود. ماده سلولزی به‌عنوان عنصر اساسی گیاهان و باکتری‌ها شناخته شده است و مواد طبیعی نظیر گیاهان، چوب ‏و درختان را در زمره مواد با منفعت اکولوژیکی قرار داده است. میکرو الیاف سلولزی در دیواره سلولی چوب توانی بالقوه برای طراحی مواد جدید با ویژگی-‏های جدید ارائه می‌کند. دلیل این امر وجود اجزای با ابعاد نانومقیاس است که دارای ویژگی‌های متفاوتی از همتاهای حجیمشان می‌باشند. ‏NFC‏ سازه‏ای نانومقیاس از سلولز می‌باشد که به روش‌ها مختلفی فرآوری می‌گردد. به‌منظور کاهش مصرف انرژی بالا در ارتباط با این فرآیندها و جداسازی الیاف ‏منفرد از تجمعات فیبری پیش تیمارهای شیمیایی و آنزیمی مواد خام سلولزی توسعه داده شده است. وجود اتصالات فیبری زیاد در شبکه ‏NFC‏ موجب ‏افزایش مدول کلی شبکه‌های فیبری و ویژگی‌های مکانیکی در فیلم‌های ایجاد شده از این مواد می‌گردد. از مشتقات ایجاده شده از نانو الیاف سلولزی ‏فوم‌ها و آئروژل‌ها می‌باشند که به‌واسطه سبک وزنی خود کاربردهای زیادی را در صنعت یافته‌اند. مهم‌ترین ویژگی آن‌ها عایق صوت و حرارت بودن ‏است. از طرفی دیگر آئروژل‌های سلولزی ویژگی‌های مکانیکی خوب و شفافیت متعادلی دارند. هزینه پایین زیست کامپوزیت‌های مبتنی بر الیاف گیاهی ‏یک محرک مهم در صنعت به شمار می‌رود. سلولز توانایی فوق‌العاده‌ای را به‌عنوان یک سازه بسیار مقاوم در کامپوزیت‌های زیستی نشان داده است. ‏سطح ویژه بالا و نسبت منظر بالا (نسبت طول به قطر) که اتصالات ثانویه قوی را در نانو الیاف سلولزی ایجاد می‌کند آن‌ها را برای فرآوری ‏نانو کامپوزیت‌ها جذاب ساخته است.‏

کلیدواژه‌ها


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