Lead-acid batteries are currently considered one of the energy storage factors due to their advantages such as low cost, high recycling efficiency and mass production. However, problems such as short charge-discharge cycle life, capacity loss over time and especially the growth of lead sulfate (PbSO₄) crystals have led researchers to seek to improve the performance of these batteries. Therefore, the addition of graphene materials due to the creation of a conductive network, high specific surface area, its porous structure, and its function as nucleation sites has improved the performance of lead-acid batteries, including the formation of lead sulfate microcrystals. This article examines the effect of graphene carbon compounds on the negative plate (graphene and graphene oxide, boron-doped graphene, nitrogen-doped graphene, sulfonated graphene, lead-graphene composite, titanium-graphene hybrid), positive plate, battery grade, and gel electrolyte (chlorine-doped graphene oxide, sulfur-doped graphene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol-graphene hydrogel) to improve the electrochemical performance of lead-acid batteries.