One of the most common cancer in the world is liver cancer, which kills millions of people every year. Among, hepatocellular carcinoma is considered as a global health problem. The biological application of nanoparticles is a developing field of nanotechnology that creates new possibilities in the diagnosis and treatment of human cancers. Nanoparticles can use both active and passive targeting methods in cancer treatment. In passive targeting, due to the abnormal structure of blood vessels in cancer tumors, nanoparticles penetrate into the cancer tissue and accumulate there through the effect of “Enhanced permeability and retention” (EPR), which reduces the penetration of the drug into healthy tissues and side effects. In active targeting, nanoparticles are specifically bound to ligands on the surface of cancer cells and are selectively directed to the tumor and create a more favorable therapeutic effect. Therefore, today, it is possible to present a new approach for expanding and improving effective the cancer treatment by using new methods of treatment, including targeted drug delivery.