The widespread use of antibiotics has led to the accumulation of their residues in the environment, which poses a significant threat to ecological and human health due to their potential to promote antibiotic resistance. Detecting these residues is controversial due to their low concentration and the complexity of environmental samples. Traditional methods for detecting these residues are often cumbersome, time-consuming, and lack sensitivity. Nanobiosensors, including electrochemical, physicochemical, gas, molecular, and metabolic types, offer a promising solution that provides sensitivity, selectivity, and the capability to rapidly detect low levels of antibiotic residues in the environment. The articles examined in the current research relate to the period from 2014 to 2024. This study investigates the innovative application of Nanobiosensor technology as a solution for detecting antibiotic residues in the environment. Furthermore, the article seeks to identify the potential of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) with Nanobiosensor technology to enhance the detection capabilities of antibiotic residues in the environment and overcome some limitations in this path.