Nanostructures as carriers of Auger electron emitters for optimizing function of them in cancer therapy
Document Type : Original Article
Author
faculty of physics, Semnan university, Iran
Abstract
Auger electrons (AEs) are emitted by radionuclides such as , , , that decay by electron capture or internal conversion . These low energy electrons deposit their energy over nanometer-micrometer distance which results in high linear energy transfer that leads to lethal damage in cancer cells. Therefore, radiotherapeutics including the AE-emitting radionuclides have great potential for cancer treatment. The highest energy deposition occurs in , and the diameter of double-strand DNA is about , hence, when AEs are released in the vicinity of the cell nucleus, they can cause lethal double DNA strand breaks. Targeted radionuclide therapy in which radionuclides are carried by nanostructures can be very successful in cancer treatment. Transportation of important radionuclides using organic and inorganic nanostructures has an important role in development of radiotherapeutics and radionuclide therapy. The high surface area to volume ratio of nanoparticles makes them suitable for adding polymers or biologically active molecules including therapeutic or diagnostic elements which have high affinity to the receptors on tumor cells. Therefore, simultaneous imaging and radiotherapeutic is possible. In addition, using high-Z nanoparticles increases the emission of photoelectrons and Auger electrons resulting the more effectiveness of the treatment. Therefore, nanostructure materials and design are very important. In this paper, we discuss the properties of Auger electron and the the transportation of Auger electron emitters by nanostructures in cancer therapy.
Keywords
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- Receive Date 14 April 2023
- Revise Date 13 May 2023
- Accept Date 23 May 2023