https://donyayenano.ir/ Nano World en daily 1 Sat, 22 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0330 Sat, 22 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0330 https://donyayenano.ir/article_732480.html In recent decades, nanotechnology has brought about a fundamental transformation in the aerospace industry, and significant research has been conducted in this field. However, most existing review studies have merely provided scattered accounts of the properties and applications of nanomaterials, paying limited attention to a structured analysis of their role within flight systems. This paper, addressing this gap, presents a systematic review of advanced nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, polymer nanocomposites, aerogels, nanocoatings, and nanoscale ceramics, examining the contribution of each to the performance enhancement of key components including airframes, engines, thermal insulation, and electronic systems. The novelty of this study lies in offering an integrative framework that, while comparing international and domestic research findings, analyzes technological and economic capabilities and limitations in a unified manner. For the first time, a comprehensive overview of Iran’s research position relative to global trends is provided, aiming to deliver added value to the scientific community and aerospace policymakers. Finally, by emphasizing key challenges such as production cost, standardization, and industrial scalability, the paper outlines future prospects for the field. This study seeks not only to fill the gap in Persian-language resources but also to introduce novel research and industrial pathways for the strategic utilization of nanomaterials in aerospace applications. https://donyayenano.ir/article_732481.html Caviar is one of the strategic and export-oriented products of Iran's fisheries industry. This valuable food item is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and various vitamins, including A, B vitamins and E. Until recent decades, the Caspian Sea supplied 90% of the world's caviar. Today, most of the caviar consumed globally is produced and marketed through aquaculture. Currently, China is among the largest caviar producers worldwide. Due to its unique chemical composition, high protein and fat content, the presence of residual tissue and the lack of adequate thermal treatment, caviar is highly prone to microbial and chemical spoilage. This issue is particularly significant during the export process, which often takes a long time. Common preservation methods, such as salting and cold chain storage, are insufficient for maintaining the long-term quality and shelf life of caviar. Recent research has explored innovative caviar coating methods, including nanotechnology and natural preservatives like chitosan, to enhance its shelf life and quality. https://donyayenano.ir/article_732499.html Nanoproteins and mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) have attracted considerable attention due to their unique biological and physicochemical properties; however, studies combining these biomacromolecules and inorganic carriers remain limited, particularly when employing natural keratin derived from avian feathers. In the present study, keratin was extracted for the first time from quail feathers and converted into nanokeratin (nK) through an ultrasonic process, followed by its loading onto MSNPs. UV–visible spectroscopy confirmed the presence of peptide bonds and aromatic amino acids in both nK and the nanocomposite (nK-MSNPs). Fourier-transform infrared spectra revealed characteristic keratin functional groups, including amide I, amide II, and cysteine (S-S), alongside Si-O-Si bands at 1100 and 800 cm⁻¹, indicative of MSNPs within the nanocomposite. X-ray diffraction confirmed an amorphous structure. The average particle sizes of nK and nK-MSNPs were 245.4 and 211.4 nm, respectively, with polydispersity indices of 0.594 and 0.148. Zeta potential values (-9.6 and -16.9 mV) demonstrated electrostatic stability, while electron microscopy images revealed reduced aggregation in the nanocomposite compared to nK alone. The nanocomposite also retained chemical stability over 90 days. Cytotoxicity evaluation using the MTT assay on human fibroblast cells (hFF) showed that nK-MSNPs were non-toxic even at relatively high concentrations. Moreover, antibacterial assays revealed significant inhibition zones of 22.8 ± 0.5 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 20.2 ± 0.4 mm against Escherichia coli (P<0.05), comparable to a reference antibiotic. Collectively, these findings suggest that nK-MSNPs, owing to their porous structure, long-term stability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity, hold strong potential for biomedical applications. https://donyayenano.ir/article_732484.html Chitosan nanoparticles and their chemically modified derivatives, especially when integrated with epoxy resins, play a crucial role in significantly enhancing the morphological, mechanical, and thermal stability properties of epoxy-based nanocomposites. These nanoparticles contribute to improved tensile strength, Young’s modulus, toughness, and thermal resistance due to their uniform dispersion and strong interfacial bonding within the polymer matrix. Surface modification of chitosan with functional groups such as polysiloxanes and ammonium phytate promotes the formation of denser char layers during thermal degradation, which substantially increases flame retardancy and overall thermal stability. Incorporating chitosan into epoxy resin systems further enhances thermal stability by facilitating the creation of stronger crosslinked networks and robust molecular bonds, thereby improving resistance to thermal degradation. Achieving optimal nanoparticle distribution while preventing particle agglomeration is essential to maintain a homogeneous composite structure and maximize performance. Furthermore, the natural biological activity, antibacterial effects, and biodegradability of chitosan make it an environmentally friendly and highly suitable material for a wide range of industrial and biomedical applications. This study comprehensively investigates the influence of modified chitosan nanoparticles on the morphology, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and degradation behavior of epoxy nanocomposites. Recent progress in epoxy nanocomposites containing modified nanoparticles is also reviewed, summarizing key findings and emerging trends in this promising field. https://donyayenano.ir/article_732734.html In this study, bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) nanofibers were synthesized by hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis) were used to study the crystal structure, morphology, optical and photocatalytic properties of the nanofibers. The XRD pattern revealed that the nanofibers were made with a pure monoclinic structure. The results of FTIR and EDS analyses showed that there were no impurity elements in the nanofibers. The FESEM image analysis revealed that the average length of the nanofibers was 0.208 μm. Using UV-Vis analysis, an optical gap of 2.19 eV was obtained, which is in the visible light range. The investigation of the photocatalytic activity of bismuth vanadate nanofibers in the photodegradation of Congo red dye showed that this type of bismuth vanadate nanostructure with a pure monoclinic structure is suitable for photocatalytic use and decomposition of organic materials with the help of sunlight. https://donyayenano.ir/article_732733.html در این تحقیق نانومیله های لانتانیم اکسی کربنات سولفاته شده به روش میکروامولسیون با مایسل معکوس سنتز و سپس با اکسید گرافن اصلاح گردیده و پس از شناسایی با تکنیک های اسپکتروفتومتر فوریه زیر قرمز، میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی اثر میدان، پراش اشعه ایکس، به منظور حذف یون فسفات از نمونه های آبی استفاده گردید. نتایج بهینه سازی پارامترهای مختلف نشان داد که حداکثر کارایی حذف یون فسفات (حدود ۷۰ درصد راندمان حذف برای ۱۰۰ میلی گرم بر لیتر یون فسفات ) در pH برابر ۵-۴ ، مقدار ۲۰ میلی گرم جاذب و ۴۵ دقیقه همزدن می باشد. همچنین مطالعه ایزوترم های جذب بیان گر آن بود که فرآیند جذب یون فسفات از هر دو ایزوترم لانگموئر و فروندلیچ پیروی کرده ( جذب تک لایه و چند لایه) و حداکثر ظرفیت جذب ۳/۲۰۸ میلی گرم بر گرم می باشد. بررسی سینتیک جذب نیز نشان داد که معادله سینتیکی شبه مرتبه دوم به بهترین شکل می تواند رفتار جذب یون فسفات را نسیت به زمان نشان دهد. https://donyayenano.ir/article_722315.html Nanofluids, which are suspensions of nanoparticles (with dimensions of 1 to 100 nanometers) in base fluids, have significant potential for improving the physical and thermal properties of the fluid. In recent years, ternary hybrid nanofluids, formed by combining three different types of nanoparticles in a base fluid, have gained attention as a novel tool in heat transfer applications. Studies conducted on numerous sources indicate that the use of these ternary hybrid nanofluids offers significant advantages compared to hybrid and single-component nanofluids. Parameters such as heat transfer rate, viscosity, fluid stability, Nusselt number, heat transfer coefficient, energy storage efficiency, and heat transfer rate show higher values in ternary hybrid nanofluids. For instance, one study showed that at a 1% volume concentration of nanoparticles, heat transfer increased by 3.71%, 4.32%, and 5.41% for single, hybrid, and ternary hybrid nanofluids, respectively. Another study demonstrated a Nusselt number increase of 9.8%, 19.85%, and 44.04% for the aforementioned three types of nanofluids. https://donyayenano.ir/article_730644.html Today, nanotechnology has led to the introduction of a large number of nano products, of which silver nanoparticles are one of the most common nanomaterials. Silver nanoparticles are more widely used than other types of metal nanoparticles due to their physical and chemical properties and have distinctive features and wide applications, especially in agriculture, which affect the growth and quality of plants. In this study, the effect of different concentrations of silver nanoparticles on some physiological and morphological indicators of geranium plant was investigated. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with 3 replications by applying silver nanoparticles treatment at four concentrations (zero, 10, 20 and 30 mg/L). The results showed that various growth indices including leaf blade width, plant height, stem diameter, flower diameter, catalase enzyme activity, flowering time, and petal anthocyanin content, leaf chlorophyll, and nitrogen and potassium elements increased significantly under the influence of silver nanoparticles. The highest and best levels of these indices were observed at concentrations of 20 and 10 mg/L of silver nanoparticles. Based on the results of this study, the use of silver nanoparticles as a suitable stimulus for improving growth indices and physiological traits of plants is suggested. https://donyayenano.ir/article_732699.html One of basic and important treatments for cancer patients has been chemotherapy, but this treatment method has been limited by the lack of specificity of drugs towards cancer cells, which has led to increased contraindications and unwanted and side effects in healthy cells of the human body. Therefore, finding drug nanosystems for targeted cancer treatment and cure has been of great and surprising importance.In this project, potential of functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes as a nanosystem for drug delivery of dacarbazine was investigated. As a result, main candidate was the COOH functional group for single-walled carbon nanotubes for drug delivery in aqueous media, and the possibility of binding interaction of dacarbazine with SWCNT-COOH was investigated.Optimization of interaction and complex components of this interaction in the gas phase and thermodynamic calculations were performed using the B3LYP/6-311+G* density functional method, which showed that structure of the complex nanosystem d is more stable and the process is spontaneous and exothermic.Also, according to the results, the intermolecular interaction of dacarbazine with SWCNT-COOH is of the hydrogen bond type and the charge transfer is from SWCNT-COOH to dacarbazine.In Monte Carlo calculations, the total interaction energy of the complex nanosystem increased to -17.926 and 〖∆G〗_sol〗 had a numerical value of -115.02 kcal/mol.Therefore, this nanocarrier has been used for drug synthesis, transport, and release, but there are still many questions about this nanocarrier in medicine. It is hoped that this problem will be solved in the coming years and can be a path to targeted cancer treatment. https://donyayenano.ir/article_734545.html In this research, the electronic and optical properties of cerium dioxide (CeO2) were investigated by employing the pseudopotential method within the framework of density functional theory and using the Quantum ESPRESSO computational code under charge conservation, and within the two exchange-correlation approximations of LDA and GGA. In the first stage, the structure of cerium dioxide was simulated, and then the structural optimization and precise calculation of the properties of this compound were performed. In the section on electronic properties, the obtained results were compared with the data reported in previous studies, and it was demonstrated that the Local Density Approximation (LDA) has the closest agreement with the experimental and theoretical values. The band gap, band structure, and density of states were calculated and analyzed. The LDA approximation showed the band gap value to be 2.5 eV, whereas the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA), due to the overlap of energy levels with the Fermi level, was not able to determine the band gap precisely and did not present a specific gap. In the part of optical properties, the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function were investigated, and based on them, the extinction, refraction, and reflection coefficients were extracted. Also, the energy loss spectrum was determined, which showed the optical gap of this compound to be 2.7 eV.